Niger has approved a law against the smuggling of migrants in an effort to stem the deadly flow of vulnerable Africans across its vast desert north, many of them headed toward Libya and on to Europe.
The law, approved unanimously by parliament late on Monday, translates onto Niger's statutes a United Nations protocol against the smuggling of migrants, allowing judges and police to take action.
Niger's desert town of Agadez is one of the main transit points in the Sahara for migrants leaving poor West African nations en route for north Africa and Europe. Up to 4,000 migrants without travel papers can pass through Agadez every week, according to the U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).
A spike in the numbers of immigrants attempting the dangerous sea crossing from Libya has sparked alarm in Europe, particularly after some 800 people drowned in a Mediterranean shipwreck last month.
Authorities in Niger promised a crackdown after at least 92 migrants from Niger died of hunger and thirst in the desert in October 2013 after being abandoned by traffickers who were taking them to Algeria.
In an effort to prevent migrants without papers from being brutalized by security forces, the law emphasised that smuggled persons were victims of human rights abuses.
"SOWING TERROR"
"The adoption of this law aims essentially to protect the frontiers of our country," said Justice Minister Amadou Marou.
"In these times of uncertainty, where organized cross-border crime is sowing terror in our country, it is indispensable that all those who travel in our country carry their identity documents. This law imposes that."
The desolate, empty spaces of the Sahara in northern Niger and neighboring Mali are home to drug and arms traffickers, people-smugglers and armed Islamist militant groups, some of them linked to al Qaeda.
U.N. officials said Niger was the first country in the region to pass a law specifically against the smuggling of migrants.
"You cannot train the judiciary to combat this crime if there are no laws on the books. So we start with the laws and we take it from there," said Pierre Lapaque, regional representative for the UNODC, which helped draft the law.
Despite past pledges by Niger's government to tackle people-smuggling, local officials in the Agadez region have profited from bribes paid at checkpoints on the route, a Reuters investigation found.
The Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime estimated last month that smuggling of migrants was worth up to $323 million a year in Libya, some of which was used to fund terrorism.
